4inch N-type Ge wafers Germanium substrate Ge window for infrared Co2 lasers

Ge Material Introduce

Among optical materials, germanium materials are increasingly widely used in infrared and night vision technologies. Germanium belongs to the IV main group element and has a diamond structure. Germanium has relatively superior physical and chemical properties. It is mainly used in semiconductor materials, infrared optical materials, chemical catalysts, medical applications and some other new use fields, especially as an excellent of infrared optical materials used. Germanium is insoluble in water, chemically stable, and it is opaque in the visible light region. Germanium has good permeability to microwaves. Germanium is a relatively brittle material and has poor mechanical shock resistance. When germanium is used as an infrared material, the processing focus is to ensure that the surface of the material has a high finish and good transmittance. Compared with optical glass, germanium has certain advantages in mechanical properties, so germanium crystal is selected as the processing material for turning technology for experiments. After many experiments, using germanium crystal as optical processing material and ordinary CNC lathe as processing equipment, a set of turning process has been developed to replace the traditional optical parts processing and grinding process. labor efficiency.

Using CO2 laser as light source and pyroelectric camera as detector, single-slit diffraction images were collected. According to the principle of single-slit diffraction, the monochromatic focal lengths of a group of infrared germanium lenses with different focal lengths were measured, and the measured results were given. The main error factors affecting the test. By calculating the modulation transfer function of the sampled data, the position of the focal plane of the lens under test can be accurately determined. The accurate calibration method of the length and size of the image acquisition system is introduced.

In the visible light range, the commonly used methods for determining the focal length are: magnification method, precision goniometer method, Abbe focal length meter method, etc. The above methods are based on the principle of geometric optics, for visible light. According to the principle of physical optics, and The monochromatic focal length of the lens can be measured by methods such as Taber effect and single-slit diffraction. Most of these methods use commercialized CCDs as photodetectors. In the infrared band, especially in the mid-far infrared band, the infrared light is invisible , and the high-precision photodetectors used in the infrared band are expensive and are not widely used, so it is generally difficult to measure the focal length of infrared optical systems. The focal length of the system is measured. With the development of infrared thermal imaging technology, the quality of the infrared optical system becomes more and more important. As the basic characteristic parameter of the infrared optical system, the focal length must be accurately determined. The principle is to measure the focal length of the infrared germanium lens with a CO2 laser as the light source.

Germanium substrate

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